地铁交通诱发邻近建筑物振动的实测与分析

根据现场实测数据,对某地铁2号线沿线典型区段地铁引起的临近建筑物振动实况和振动特性及其传播规律等进行了分析研究。结果表明:地铁诱发的沿线建筑物的振动以竖向为主,且楼层竖向振动基本表现为整体振动;在框架结构中,振动信号主要是沿柱子向上部楼层传播;楼层振动主要表现为低频的楼板振动,楼层间信号的放大主要集中在20 Hz以下的低频信号。此外,本文还给出建筑物振动实测资料的评价分析,为评估地铁运营诱发的环境振动与城市规划设计提供参考。     

Assessing the performance of SpeedInfo radar traffic sensors

Traffic speed is a crucial input for real-time traffic management applications. Operating agencies typically deploy their own sensors to collect the measurements, e.g., loop detectors. Recently, SpeedInfo emerged with a different paradigm for traffic speed collection: instead of selling hardware to operating agencies, at each link the company deploys its own Doppler radar in a self-contained wireless unit to measure traffic speeds and then sells the speed data. This study uses well-tuned loop detector-based speed measurements to evaluate 15 of the Doppler radar sensors over several months while the two traffic data collection systems were operating concurrently. The extended study period includes potentially challenging and transient conditions for the radar sensors: both recurrent (rush hour congestion and late night low flow) and nonrecurrent (incidents and precipitation). The analysis took a broad overview, comparing speed measurements from the radar sensors against the concurrent loop detector data and then explicitly looked for any anomalous pattern in the radar data such as latency and system outages. The work found the radar measurements are generally good, but also identified several points that should be considered before deployment, including latency, different biases in free flow and congestion, vulnerability to precipitation, and sensitivity to mounting angle.     

一种用于新能源汽车电机绕组测温的NTC热敏电阻

文章首先阐述了NTC热敏电阻的定义、特点和性能,然后着重介绍了一只NTC热敏电阻失效的案例分析,最后汇总说明了NTC热敏电阻常见的故障点及排查方法。     

基于双护盾TBM的导向系统研究

为满足隧道施工中双护盾硬岩隧道掘进机位姿的测量需求，研发一种能够提高其数据准确度的双护盾位置检测装置，包括感光靶、激光靶、激光发射器、全站仪、棱镜等硬件，并研究双护盾导向系统设计、测量算法的实现、激光位置检测装置误差修正算法。为验证整个算法的正确性以及软件的稳定性，进行CAD模拟和软硬件联合调试，并利用全站仪进行模拟测量。结果显示： 采用该算法计算的坐标与全站仪测量的真实坐标相比，误差在5 mm以内，可满足隧道掘进机施工测量的需要。     

基于视频亚像素模板匹配算法的索力试验

针对索结构的索力测试，基于室内试验对比了计算机视觉方法和传统加速度传感器方法，探讨了计算机视觉方法的适用性。研究采用伺服静载锚固试验机张拉单根斜拉索钢绞线，简化模拟索张拉受力状态，通过相机摄影的非接触测量方法测量拉索动态响应，结合亚像素模板匹配算法识别拉索动态变形、基频和索力，并与传统的加速度传感器测试结果进行对比。研究结果表明，计算机视觉方法识别的拉索振动频谱峰值明显，基频识别结果与加速度传感器测试结果基本一致，索力识别结果与实测值相比最大误差不超过6%，具备开展实际结构索力测试的能力。     

新能源汽车车载终端下线检测系统设计

在车辆的生产过程中,除了需要确保车辆装配正常,还需要确保各个零件功能正常才能确保车辆正常下线。传统的车辆下线检测系统,需要人为的对车辆的识别码、车载终端的各路参数进行人工记录和比对,再将参数录入后台系统,耗费人力较多,检测耗时也较长,车辆下线检测的效率也较低。同时,通常的下线检测过程中,未对车载设备的正常运行进行判断,如果将问题车载终端装车下发,会导致监控平台无法对该车辆进行正常监控,存在安全隐患,也不满足相关要求,同时增加售后维护成本。基于此,本文设计开发了一种新能源汽车车载终端下线检测系统,实现了新能源车辆在出厂时,通过检测时,由检测人员操作该系统来查看终端工作状态,系统自动根据终端返回平台信息判断该终端工作是否正常,然后把结果反馈至生产系统。     

分光光度计测量结果的不确定度评定

测量不确定度是对测量结果而言,表达这个结果分散性程度的参数,是计量学中的一个重要内容。本文对分光光度计校准过程的透射比示值误差测量结果的不确定度和波长示值误差测量结果的不确定度进行了评定,给出了评定方法、步骤及结果,并对测量不确定度进行了讨论。     

交流信号测量装置的设计

本文论述了以DSP为核心的对交流信号的一种测试方法.在测量技术的基础上,讲解了电气参数测量的设计原理,并给出了实现该系统的基本框图和软件设计方法.     

螺旋桨噪声的Wigner谱研究

就信号处理中的Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ方法及其螺旋桨噪声试验中的应用问题作了初步探讨。简要地介绍了Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ分布的基本概念及其物理意义，结合模型试验和数值计算给出了螺旋桨噪声的时－频联合分布及其在时域和频域中的能量分布。结果表明：Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ谱对于螺旋桨噪声的时域分布、线谱和非定常噪声的测试分析是十分有效的。     

Fault-tolerant control of heavy-haul trains

The fault-tolerant control (FTC) of heavy-haul trains is discussed on the basis of the speed regulation proposed in previous works. The fault modes of trains are assumed and the corresponding fault detection and isolation (FDI) are studied. The FDI of sensor faults is based on a geometric approach for residual generators. The FDI of a braking system is based on the observation of the steady-state speed. From the difference of the steady-state speeds between the fault system and the faultless system, one can get fault information. Simulation tests were conducted on the suitability of the FDIs and the redesigned speed regulators. It is shown that the proposed FTC does not explicitly worsen the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faultless system, while it obviously improves the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faulty system.